SciEn [か]

updated on 2019/06/23

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か	限られた	・The limited expression of HGF in restricted areas of mesenchyme is thought to determine the site of an epithelial response. [B] ・We could not distinguish these epithelial cells from AL cells in culture, the extent of contamination by these cells was probably limited
	確認する、調べる	・Non-specific staining was examined by use of preimmune sera, and specific staining with the antibodies was examinedin Kupffer cells of rat liver. →明らかにする
	欠ける	・Eleven (72%) of 15 explants treated with AS-ODN showed an abnormal crown lacking cusps. =咬頭のない異常な歯冠が見られた・AS-ODN-treated explants exhibited a lack of the cusp formation and of ameloblasts differentiation in the occlusl region. <lack は不可算なので、of をふたつ持っていても単数形。> ・Three-day AS-ODN treatment of the tooth germ explants obtained from E13.5 mice inhibited the formation of the enamel knot, and further culture of the explants in the absence of AS-ODN resulted in the lackof cusps, ..... ・in which case the enamel knot formation was lost or obscure. =失われているか、不明瞭であった。 →除く
	活性がある	・proliferative activity of the cell of the inner enamel epithelium [B] ・HGF also has dissociation- and migration-promoting activites in epithelial cells. [B]
	可能	・one possible role of HGF is to promote the proliferation of AL cells =ひとつの可能性は・Only ameloblast-lineage cells were able to proliferate in the culture system. ・the organ culture of tooth germs is possible, which allows the critical analysis of factors expressed in the organ.
	～かもしれない	・must :～に違いない。強い主張、推定。・may(be):～してもよいだろう。～かもしれない。・might(be):～しても差し支えない。・should(be):おそらく～なのだ。・can(be):～もありうる。疑問形では強い疑い。・could(be):～も考えられる。<以上 must から順に弱くなり、could でもっとも弱い> ・shall/will\| be able to :おそらく～となりうる。将来への予測。
	変わらなかった	・the respective rates of proliferation remained unchanged ・the index remained constant until day 9 ・The respective rates of proliferating of scattering cells and clustered cells were unchanged <were not changed はダメ [B]> ・The cells of the inner enamel epithelium (IEE) in the occlusal region remainedundifferentiated, whereas those in the proximate region differentiated normally. =未分化のままだった
	考えて良い	・It seems likely that .... [B] ・The proliferation of cells seemed to be coupled with the scattering of cells <受け身にならない [B]> ・The limited expression of HGF in restricted areas of mesenchyme isthoughtto determine the site of an epithelial response.[B] ・The contamination by oral epithelium was consideredto be minimal because the layer of ameloblast-lineage cells is separated by alveolar bone from the oral epithelium in the rat incisor. <慎重な類推> ・There is no doubt that BMP4 expressed in the dental mesenchyme is one of the important signals involved in the determination of cell fate during tooth development. =～は疑いようもない <It is no doubt that ではダメ>
	関与する	・Many growth factors have been reported to participate in the morphogenesis of teeth. =関与している(たくさんのファクターのひとつとして関与する) ・The proliferation of cells seemed to be coupled with the scattering of cells =連携している(1:1 の関係)
き	期間	・This difference in the timing of expression is probably based on the specific nature of the development of murine incisors. =発現している期間の違いは [B] ・during culture [B] ・Murine incisors erupt to form a crown continuously through the animal's life and formation of a crown is never terminated. [B]
く	区別する	・We could not distinguish these epithelial cells from AL cells in culture, the extent of contamination by these cells was probably limited
	加える	・We included HGF at 0 to 20 ug/ml in the culture medium. ・The medium was BGJb supplemented with 100 ug/ml ascorbic acid. ・The mixture was then added to COS7 cells at 70% cell confluence, and the cultures wee then incubated at 37C for 6 hours for the transfection.
け	傾向がある	・The percentage tended to increase during the culture period.
	経由で	・mesenchymal growth induced by BMP4 occurs via the dental epithelium.
	結果をもたらす	・....result in formation of abnormal teeth = 異常な歯を形成するという結果をもたらした。・the protein in the tooth mesenchyme at E13.5 is involved in the enamel knot formation resulting in the cusp formation.
	検出される	→見られる
	顕著である	→著しい
	原因を述べる	・This difference in the timing of expression is probably basedon the specific nature of the development of murine incisors. =多分～に起因するのだろう・The width of the tooth crown was same as control explants but its height was reduced, as a consequence of insufficient development of the dental papilla. =不十分な発達の結果として →結果をもたらす
こ	効果	・To examine the efficiency of AS-ODN for translation arrest of BMP4 mRNA, we employed RT-PCR analysis instead of an immunological method.
	この論文では	・In the present study, to investigate the function of BMP4 ........ ・Embryos at E13 to E14 were used for the present study.
	これまでに	・Nowaday, ・up to date
	コンタミ	・The contamination by oral epithelium was considered to be minimal because the layer of ameloblast-lineage cells is separated by alveolar bone from the oral epithelium in the rat incisor. ・cultures of AL cells were intentionally contaminated with dental papilla cells (at ratios of ameloblast-lineage cell to dental papilla of 10:0, 9:1, 7:3, 5:5 and 0:10). <この場合は、contaminated by ではない [B]>

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